India’s defence diplomacy has become a key pillar of its contemporary foreign policy, enabling New Delhi to project influence while maintaining strategic autonomy. This article examines how India employs military-to-military engagements, tr...
The current framework of security has incorporated Earth’s orbit and outer space as areas of militarization in the pursuance of safeguarding national interests. While the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 has prevented the nuclearization of space,...
“Culture has become one of the last elements of our identity. We have to act in favour of cultural diversity abroad as well as at home. We need strong cultural diplomacy and but we have to create it.” - Frederic Martel
This paper examines the emerging dynamics of trilateral cooperation between China, Pakistan, and Bangladesh in South Asia, exploring its potential to reshape the region’s geopolitical balance and challenge India’s traditional hegemony. By a...
In September 2013, China's President Xi Jinping unveiled the One Belt, One Road Initiative. Although many people didn't pay much attention to it at first, the concept has since evolved into a more prominent international project. This Proje...
Southeast Asia was a crucial theatre during the Second World War between the Japanese Empire and the Allied powers. Then followed the Cold War, which spread throughout most of Southeast Asia and was particularly destructive in Cambodia, Lao...
The 4th Mekong River Commission (MRC) Summit and International Conference was held from April 2 to 5 in Vientiane, Laos. It was hailed to be an upgradation towards the goal of water security and cooperation in Mekong.This conference was the...
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental organization that was established in 1921 to promote cooperation among nations in the field of hydrography and nautical charting. The IHO's main objective is to ensur...
The year 2021 marked two decades since the term "BRICS" was first used by former Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill in the early 2000s to refer to the four rapidly developing nations that appeared most likely to start catching up to the We...
The People's Republic of China did not participate in any discussion on the international trade in weapons until the beginning of the twenty-first century. However, today a number of Chinese arms companies, such as the Aviation Industry Cor...
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), an international grouping of eight member states (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan), four observer states (Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, and Mongol...
The 15th and 16th of September 2022 marked the 22nd annual summit of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. The first physical meeting since the pandemic, this meeting brought ...
