The December 2025 visit by Russian President Vladimir Putin to New Delhi for the 23rd India–Russia Annual Summit represented a significant moment for diplomacy in the history of modern international relations. The visit took place during th...
India’s defence diplomacy has become a key pillar of its contemporary foreign policy, enabling New Delhi to project influence while maintaining strategic autonomy. This article examines how India employs military-to-military engagements, tr...
With the New START Treaty set to expire in 2026, global arms control faces a critical moment marked by great-power rivalry and institutional stagnation. The middle powers, particularly India, Japan, and Brazil, now hold significant potentia...
The current framework of security has incorporated Earth’s orbit and outer space as areas of militarization in the pursuance of safeguarding national interests. While the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 has prevented the nuclearization of space,...
How many times have we read in our history textbooks that the colonial forces and the conquerors of the post-Renaissance and post-Enlightenment era were responsible for the hurried boundaries and geographical features that have taken a perm...
The rapid evolution of Autonomous Weapon Systems (AWS) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the character of modern warfare while raising profound legal, ethical, and strategic questions. From early semi-autonomous weapons to fu...
IUU Fishing is an abbreviated form of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated fishing, characterised by fishing in a particular region without taking permission from the Authority, thus evading rules and regulations meant for the safeguard of ...
India’s deepening engagement with West Asia reflects a significant strategic realignment shaped by energy security, trade diversification, and evolving geopolitical dynamics. This article explores how New Delhi’s policies, ranging from econ...
In a rapidly evolving and fragmented global order, India’s foreign policy is increasingly shaped by the complexities of multipolarity and great power competition. This piece examines the limitations of a unified foreign policy approach in t...
India’s engagement with Afghanistan has long been rooted in civilizational ties, developmental projects, and security concerns. The Taliban’s return to power in 2021, however, compelled New Delhi to adjust its policy, balancing humanitarian...
“Culture has become one of the last elements of our identity. We have to act in favour of cultural diversity abroad as well as at home. We need strong cultural diplomacy and but we have to create it.” - Frederic Martel
Proxy warfare is a strategic tool through which powerful states influence conflicts abroad while minimising direct military, political, and financial costs. This report outlines the evolution, types, benefits, and risks associated with prox...
