I. Introduction: Operation Sindoor, India’s coordinated tri service strike against terrorism infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan administered Kashmir on 7–10 May 2025, marked a pivotal escalation in India–Pakistan relations. ¹ Although ...
China has been steadily increasing its defence budget for years, aiming to modernise its armed forces and project power regionally. This concerns some countries, particularly those with overlapping territorial claims in the South China Sea....
In September 2021, China applied to join the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a free trade agreement among 11 countries. It was the country's first attempt to join a major trade pact since the US exited the project four years earlier. Although Ch...
In Feb 2019 Ukraine's constitution was amended to commit to joining European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). An official application for Ukraine to join the EU was signed by Volodymyr Zelenskyy on 28 Feb 2022. But the...
In the 2019 fiscal year, India's merchandise exports to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean) grew at a compound annual growth rate of about 5 percent to reach a total of $103 billion. Its imports from the region also increased...
The Trans-Pacific Partnership was a massive trade agreement that was signed by 12 Pacific Rim countries, which included the US. TPP was attacked by both parties in the US. Many experts praised its economic benefits, but others were critical...
To ensure the continued growth and development of the Asia-Pacific, there will be a free, open, and fair trade and investment environment, which supports the rules of the World Trade Organization in delivering a well-functioning and predict...
Economic Community of West African States was formulated through a treaty signed in Lagos, Nigeria on 28th May 1975. It is a 15-member regional group comprising of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d’ Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea B...
India- Malaysia defence relations are crucial for both the nations’ security and strategic dynamics in East Asia and Southeast Asia. India’s interest in East Asia has been previously elaborated by its Look East Policy which was ratified in ...
India- Africa Defence Ministers’ Conclave (IADMC) on 6th February 2020 marked an essential point of inflection in India- Africa relations. Historic relations between India- Africa were primarily involved in the paradigms of economic, sociol...
On November 4th 2019, Thailand passed the baton of ASEAN leadership to Vietnam. Vietnam officially became part of the ASEAN community in 1995 and became its 7th member. It remained outside the grouping during the Cold War era, and the ASEAN...
In the next five years, Sri Lanka is striding on a economic vision plan to achieve a export target of $20 billion dollars. The country’s export performance had recovered after the slump in the years 2015 and 2016 to US$ 16.4 billion do...
